حَدَّثَنَا سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ دَاوُدَ الْهَاشِمِيُّ حَدَّثَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ يَعْنِي ابْنَ جَعْفَرٍ قَالَ أَخْبَرَنِي مُحَمَّدٌ يَعْنِي ابْنَ أَبِي حَرْمَلَةَ عَنْ كُرَيْبٍ أَنَّ أُمَّ الْفَضْلِ بِنْتَ الْحَارِثِ بَعَثَتْهُ إِلَى مُعَاوِيَةَ بِالشَّامِ قَالَ فَقَدِمْتُ الشَّامَ فَقَضَيْتُ حَاجَتَهَا وَاسْتَهَلَّ عَلَيَّ رَمَضَانُ وَأَنَا بِالشَّامِ فَرَأَيْنَا الْهِلَالَ لَيْلَةَ الْجُمُعَةِ ثُمَّ قَدِمْتُ الْمَدِينَةَ فِي آخِرِ الشَّهْرِ فَسَأَلَنِي عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عَبَّاسٍ ثُمَّ ذَكَرَ الْهِلَالَ فَقَالَ مَتَى رَأَيْتُمُوهُ فَقُلْتُ رَأَيْنَاهُ لَيْلَةَ الْجُمُعَةِ فَقَالَ أَنْتَ رَأَيْتَهُ قُلْتُ نَعَمْ وَرَآهُ النَّاسُ وَصَامُوا وَصَامَ مُعَاوِيَةُ فَقَالَ لَكِنَّا رَأَيْنَاهُ لَيْلَةَ السَّبْتِ فَلَا نَزَالُ نَصُومُ حَتَّى نُكَمِّلَ ثَلَاثِينَ أَوْ نَرَاهُ فَقُلْتُ أَوَلَا تَكْتَفِي بِرُؤْيَةِ مُعَاوِيَةَ وَصِيَامِهِ فَقَالَ لَا هَكَذَا أَمَرَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ
مسند امام احمد بن حنبل · Hadith 2790
It was narrated from Kuraib that Ummul-Fadl bint al-Harith sent him to Mu'awiyah in Syria. He said: So 1 came to Syria and did her errand, then the month of Ramadan began when I was in Syria, and we saw the new moon on the night before Friday. Then J came to Madinah at the end of the month and 'Abdullah bin 'Abbas (RA) asked me about the new moon. He said: When did you see the new moon? I said; We saw it on the night before Friday. He said: Did you see it? I said: Yes and the people saw it and fasted, and Mu'awiyah fasted. He said: But we saw it on the night before Saturday, we will carry on fasting until we complete thirty days or we see it [the new moon of Shawwal], I said: Is not the sighting and fasting of Mu'awiyah sufficient for you? He said: No; this is the command of the Prophet (PBUH).
Sanad
حَدَّثَنَا سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ دَاوُدَ الْهَاشِمِيُّ حَدَّثَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ يَعْنِي ابْنَ جَعْفَرٍ قَالَ أَخْبَرَنِي مُحَمَّدٌ يَعْنِي ابْنَ أَبِي حَرْمَلَةَ عَنْ كُرَيْبٍ