حَدَّثَنَا مُسَدَّدٌ حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَی ح و حَدَّثَنَا عُثْمَانُ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ حَدَّثَنَا إِسْمَعِيلُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الْمَعْنَی عَنْ حَجَّاجٍ الصَّوَّافِ حَدَّثَنِي يَحْيَی بْنُ أَبِي کَثِيرٍ عَنْ هِلَالِ بْنِ أَبِي مَيْمُونَةَ عَنْ عَطَائِ بْنِ يَسَارٍ عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ الْحَکَمِ السُّلَمِيِّ قَالَ صَلَّيْتُ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَعَطَسَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ الْقَوْمِ فَقُلْتُ يَرْحَمُکَ اللَّهُ فَرَمَانِي الْقَوْمُ بِأَبْصَارِهِمْ فَقُلْتُ وَاثُکْلَ أُمِّيَاهُ مَا شَأْنُکُمْ تَنْظُرُونَ إِلَيَّ فَجَعَلُوا يَضْرِبُونَ بِأَيْدِيهِمْ عَلَی أَفْخَاذِهِمْ فَعَرَفْتُ أَنَّهُمْ يُصَمِّتُونِي فَقَالَ عُثْمَانُ فَلَمَّا رَأَيْتُهُمْ يُسَکِّتُونِي لَکِنِّي سَکَتُّ قَالَ فَلَمَّا صَلَّی رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِأَبِي وَأُمِّي مَا ضَرَبَنِي وَلَا کَهَرَنِي وَلَا سَبَّنِي ثُمَّ قَالَ إِنَّ هَذِهِ الصَّلَاةَ لَا يَحِلُّ فِيهَا شَيْئٌ مِنْ کَلَامِ النَّاسِ هَذَا إِنَّمَا هُوَ التَّسْبِيحُ وَالتَّکْبِيرُ وَقِرَائَةُ الْقُرْآنِ أَوْ کَمَا قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّا قَوْمٌ حَدِيثُ عَهْدٍ بِجَاهِلِيَّةٍ وَقَدْ جَائَنَا اللَّهُ بِالْإِسْلَامِ وَمِنَّا رِجَالٌ يَأْتُونَ الْکُهَّانَ قَالَ فَلَا تَأْتِهِمْ قَالَ قُلْتُ وَمِنَّا رِجَالٌ يَتَطَيَّرُونَ قَالَ ذَاکَ شَيْئٌ يَجِدُونَهُ فِي صُدُورِهِمْ فَلَا يَصُدُّهُمْ قُلْتُ وَمِنَّا رِجَالٌ يَخُطُّونَ قَالَ کَانَ نَبِيٌّ مِنْ الْأَنْبِيَائِ يَخُطُّ فَمَنْ وَافَقَ خَطَّهُ فَذَاکَ قَالَ قُلْتُ جَارِيَةٌ لِي کَانَتْ تَرْعَی غُنَيْمَاتٍ قِبَلَ أُحُدٍ وَالْجَوَّانِيَّةِ إِذْ اطَّلَعْتُ عَلَيْهَا اطِّلَاعَةً فَإِذَا الذِّئْبُ قَدْ ذَهَبَ بِشَاةٍ مِنْهَا وَأَنَا مِنْ بَنِي آدَمَ آسَفُ کَمَا يَأْسَفُونَ لَکِنِّي صَکَکْتُهَا صَکَّةً فَعَظُمَ ذَاکَ عَلَی رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقُلْتُ أَفَلَا أُعْتِقُهَا قَالَ ائْتِنِي بِهَا قَالَ فَجِئْتُهُ بِهَا فَقَالَ أَيْنَ اللَّهُ قَالَتْ فِي السَّمَائِ قَالَ مَنْ أَنَا قَالَتْ أَنْتَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ قَالَ أَعْتِقْهَا فَإِنَّهَا مُؤْمِنَةٌ
سنن ابودوٗد · Hadith 930
Muawiyah bin al-Hakam al-Sulami said: I was praying with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. A man in the company sneezed, and I said: May Allah have mercy on you! The people gave me disapproving looks, so I said: Woe is to me! What do you mean by looking at me? They began to strike their hand on their thighs; then I realised that they were urging me to be silent. When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ finished his prayer – for whom I would give my father and mother as ransom-he did not beat, scold or revile me, but said: No talk to people in lawful in this prayer, for it consists only in glorifying Allah, declaring His greatness, and reciting the Quran or words to that effect said by the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. I said: Messenger of Allah, we were only recently pagans, but Allah has brought Islam to us, and among us there are men who have recourse to soothsayers (kahins). He replied: Do not have recourse to them. I said: Among us are there are men who take omens. He replied: That is something which they find, but let it not turn them away (from what they intended to do). I said: among us there are men who draw lines. He replied: There was a prophet who drew lines; so if the line of anyone tallies with this line, that might come true. I said: A slave-girl of mine used to tend goats before (the mountain) Uhud and al-Jawaniyyah. Once when I reached her (suddenly) I found that a wolf had taken away a goat of them. I am a human being; I feel grieved as others do. But I gave her a good knocking. This was unbearable for the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. I asked: Should I set her free ? He replied: Bring her to me. So I brought her to him. He asked (her): Where is Allah ? She said: In the heaven. He said: Who am I ? She replied: You are the Messenger of Allah. He said: Set her free, for she is believer.
Sanad
حَدَّثَنَا مُسَدَّدٌ حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَی ح و حَدَّثَنَا عُثْمَانُ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ حَدَّثَنَا إِسْمَعِيلُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الْمَعْنَی عَنْ حَجَّاجٍ الصَّوَّافِ حَدَّثَنِي يَحْيَی بْنُ أَبِي کَثِيرٍ عَنْ هِلَالِ بْنِ أَبِي مَيْمُونَةَ عَنْ عَطَائِ بْنِ يَسَارٍ عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ الْحَکَمِ السُّلَمِيِّ