حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ أَبِي عُمَرَ حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ حَدَّثَنَا أَيُّوبُ عَنْ أَبِي قِلَابَةَ عَنْ عَمِّهِ عَنْ عِمْرَانَ بْنِ حُصَيْنٍ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَدَی رَجُلَيْنِ مِنْ الْمُسْلِمِينَ بِرَجُلٍ مِنْ الْمُشْرِکِينَ قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَی هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ وَعَمُّ أَبِي قِلَابَةَ هُوَ أَبُو الْمُهَلَّبِ وَاسْمُهُ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ عَمْرٍو وَيُقَالُ مُعَاوِيَةُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو وَأَبُو قِلَابَةَ اسْمُهُ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ زَيْدٍ الْجَرْمِيُّ وَالْعَمَلُ عَلَی هَذَا عِنْدَ أَکْثَرِ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَغَيْرِهِمْ أَنَّ لِلْإِمَامِ أَنْ يَمُنَّ عَلَی مَنْ شَائَ مِنْ الْأُسَارَی وَيَقْتُلَ مَنْ شَائَ مِنْهُمْ وَيَفْدِي مَنْ شَائَ وَاخْتَارَ بَعْضُ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ الْقَتْلَ عَلَی الْفِدَائِ و قَالَ الْأَوْزَاعِيُّ بَلَغَنِي أَنَّ هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ مَنْسُوخَةٌ قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَی فَإِمَّا مَنًّا بَعْدُ وَإِمَّا فِدَائً نَسَخَتْهَا وَاقْتُلُوهُمْ حَيْثُ ثَقِفْتُمُوهُمْ حَدَّثَنَا بِذَلِکَ هَنَّادٌ حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ الْمُبَارَکِ عَنْ الْأَوْزَاعِيِّ قَالَ إِسْحَقُ بْنُ مَنْصُورٍ قُلْتُ لِأَحْمَدَ إِذَا أُسِرَ الْأَسِيرُ يُقْتَلُ أَوْ يُفَادَی أَحَبُّ إِلَيْکَ قَالَ إِنْ قَدَرُوا أَنْ يُفَادُوا فَلَيْسَ بِهِ بَأْسٌ وَإِنْ قُتِلَ فَمَا أَعْلَمُ بِهِ بَأْسًا قَالَ إِسْحَقُ الْإِثْخَانُ أَحَبُّ إِلَيَّ إِلَّا أَنْ يَکُونَ مَعْرُوفًا فَأَطْمَعُ بِهِ الْکَثِيرَ
جامع ترمذی · Hadith 1568
Narrated 'Imran bin Husain: That the Prophet (ﷺ) ransomed two men for the Muslims with a man from the idolaters. [Abu 'Eisa said:] This Hadith is Hasan Sahih. The paternal uncle of Abu Al-Muhallab's name is 'Abdur Rahman bin 'Amr, and they also say it was Muhawiyah bin 'Amr. And Abu Qilabah's name is 'Abdullah bin Zaid Al-Jarmi (narrator in the chain) This is acted upon according to most of the people of knowledge among the Companions of the Prophet(ﷺ) and others. It is for the Imam to decide to be generous with whom he wills among the captives, or to kill whom he wills among them, or to ransom whom he wills among them. Some of the people of knowledge preferred killing over ransoming. Al-Awzai' said: It has been conveyed to me. that this Ayah is abrogated: Thereafter (is the time) either for generosity (to free them without ranson) or ransom (47:4). It was abrogated by: Kill them wherever you find them (2:191). This was narrated to us by Hannad (who said): Ibn Al-Mubarak narrated to us, from Al-Awza'i. Ishaq bin Mansur said: I said to Ahmad: 'When the captives are captured' is killing or ransoming better to you?' He said: 'If they are able to ransom' then there is no harm in it. And if they kill, then I do not know of any harm in it.' Ishaq said: Wiping them out is better to me, unless it is someone well-known, so that it is hoped that a large amount will be obtained for him.
Sanad
حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ أَبِي عُمَرَ حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ حَدَّثَنَا أَيُّوبُ عَنْ أَبِي قِلَابَةَ عَنْ عَمِّهِ عَنْ عِمْرَانَ بْنِ حُصَيْنٍ